The journal "Journal of Education" published monthly, is one of the most veteran of our country. Is dedicated to the teaching of formal training but occasionally includes articles that are also interesting for the teachers of vocational training. This article appeared in the March issue is a proof.
I hope you find it interesting reading.
Thomas
New winds in Training
The Europe 2020 as well as the European Higher Education, a special emphasis on vocational training (FP) and the need to strengthen links between education and business, and between research and innovation. All indications are that there will be greater demand
skills at middle and upper levels of the education system to what needs to be prepared urgently. Therefore, the MEC, within the improvement plan at this stage, emphasizes the accreditation and recognition of skills and the revision of the National Professional Qualifications System, under the principles of lifelong learning quality, innovation and creativity and equity and social inclusion.
In this Topic of the Month highlights the most significant challenges of the new FP, illustrated with some policies and international experiences and the autonomous communities.
COORDINATION: MERCEDES DELGADO CHACÓN
Director General Training and Guidance University of the Ministry of Education.
TERESA LLORET GRAU
FP Barcelona Observatory Director
and Secretary to the Board of Vocational Professional Barcelona.
{ No. 410 JOURNAL OF TEACHING. 51
The best training for living in a continuous process of change
Today everyone talks about the need to reorient the pattern of economic growth to be sustainable in social, economic and environmentally. We live in a society characterized by constant change, and her investment in training is, unequivocally, the most profitable that can be done in terms of economic and social medium to long term.
The conviction that the binomial sustainable economy is inextricably training has been endorsed by all the statements that the European Union has done public over recent years (Maastricht Copenhagen, Helsinki and Bordeaux), perhaps the only element of training the economic model is not has been questioned.
Bordeaux's statement in 2008 saying quote:
"The severity of the financial crisis makes it extremely unpredictable the future of the global economy, but to put Europe on the road to recovery is essential to enhance capital people and their employability by improving their skills.
But not enough to improve the capabilities, it is equally necessary to adjust their supply to the labor market demand. " And then he added that improving skills is essential for the recovery of Europe in the short and longer term as well as for growth, productivity, employment, adaptability to change, equity, gender equality and social cohesion.
The presidency of the EU that Spain held the first half of 2010, has served to put the training in the heart of the economy. Both in the Spring Council of Heads of State and Government, as in Council of Ministers of Education have taken place in this period was done on the role of training as a cornerstone of the 2020 strategy, with which we intend to achieve an economic model based on smart growth, sustainable and inclusive.
Focusing on Vocational Training in our country, we can say we enjoy a consolidated model, which originated in the LOGSE and has been refined over time and with the regulatory changes that have been introduced. One of the unfinished business we had was no recognition of the two subsystems of Vocational Training, the field of education and the workplace. This was one of the elements that led to the Organic Law 5 / 2002 of the Qualifications and Vocational Training. This law establishes a comprehensive system of vocational training to meet the social and economic demands, through various training modalities and the mandate to design a system to recognize the skills acquired through work experience and non-formal training.
To meet these objectives, over the years has worked, among others, in the following areas. The first is the creation of a National Catalogue of Professional Qualifications which have included those identified in the production system in relation to the appropriate competencies for professional practice. This catalog is the common reference point for the development of vocational training qualifications, competence of the Ministry of Education, and Professional Certificates, under the Ministry of Labour and Immigration. From this catalog are developing the new professional qualifications and professional certificates.
The second was the publication of Royal Decree of evaluation and accreditation of skills acquired through work experience and no track formal training.
We are currently training the advisers, counselors and evaluators to participate in the proceedings, and has made a first call, in collaboration with the Autonomous Communities at the end of 2010. This first call is to the accreditation of competence units related to early childhood education and professional profiles derived from the implementation of the Law Unit. Subsequently, each autonomous community in their territory and taking into account the productive sectors of the area, make the calls directed to sectors considered priority.
To follow this line, it will implement an integrated information and guidance. Citizens must have the sufficient information and guidance for making appropriate decisions for their future educational or professional. To do this, will soon be operating the portal FP ALL. There you will find materials and information in various media and formats appropriate to each type of user: students, parents, teachers, guidance professionals, entrepreneurs.
With respect to the Vocational Education System, over recent years has been acquiring growing prestige among employers and it demonstrates the high degree of employability of these graduates. However, we still have not gotten that perception is shared by the whole society. In this regard, the efforts of education authorities, teachers, and career guidance is essential to inculcate in society the idea that vocational training is a training option premium.
Areas for improvement
The number of students enrolled in VET has been growing since the late 90's. In the 2010/2011 academic year have reached 580,561, representing 7.8% more than in the previous year. The increase of students we should not be conforming.
We must take this change in trend for Vocational Training to serve the public, and we will make shining on those aspects that could be improved:
- We have an inconsistency with Europe in the number of pupils at the end of compulsory schooling Vocational studies continue. In Europe, 58% choose Vocational training programs, while 42% prefer general education programs, equivalent to our high school. In Spain it is just the reverse. 59% choose the Bachelor vs 41% which makes the Intermediate Training. This imbalance contributes to our country for 23.1% of the population has an average skill level, compared to 48.9% of the EU. If we consider that it is expected that by 2020 50% of the jobs correspond to average levels of qualification, we can understand the need for concrete action in this area, to stimulate young people's access, and general population, studies of Intermediate Vocational Training.
- We need to offer more flexible training to make it closer to the demands of citizenship, allowing the reconciliation of work and family with the learning process throughout life. For this, among other things, we launched an online platform that allows vocational training study of seven titles, since September 2010 and more than 100 titles a year.
- Mobility of students in VET is poor and needs improvement through simplification of procedures and the provision of additional economic aid to European Educational Programmes, which have already begun to implement the last two years.
- We need to increase the number of integrated centers vocational training centers as well as the educational system that can perform an integrated offering aimed at both school-age youth as the workforce.
- We should increase the strategies and tools
information and guidance to move towards an integrated system that optimizes the resources in this area provide both the different administrations and social agents.
- We facilitate the transit and the relationship between different educational levels, both between levels of FP as Baccalaureate and university studies.
The creation of these gateways are contained in the Bill Sustainable Economy.
- Promote vocational training centers to develop innovative projects implemented to promote joint work between such centers. In the year 2011, the Ministry of Education published a notice sent to all vocational schools in order to develop innovation projects applied to different areas, among different regions centers.
- Connect through a digital network, to vocational training centers para llevar a cabo trabajos experimentales relacionados con proyectos referidos a la innovación aplicada a campos diversos.
- Incrementar la colaboración entre los centros de FP y las empresas, priorizando las PYMES, para alcanzar un nivel de cooperación efectiva que aproveche todas las posibles potencialidades de la transferencia tecnológica y del conocimiento, entre ambas organizaciones, así como la mejora de los procesos de producción.
- Impulsar la mejora de la productividad, la transferencia de conocimiento, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación, en diversas áreas, especialmente a través de los Campus integrados de excelencia internacional, encouraging greater coordination between universities, centers of Higher Vocational Education and business. On the Campus of Excellence 2010 International and Bill moved Sustainable Economy measures in this direction.
Here are some of the measures that we developed to further improve the quality of vocational training in Spain and get training to provide youth and adults the skills necessary for personal and professional development.
We must be aware that the best legacy we can leave young people is good training, prepare them to live in a world of constant change process. We must change the perception that citizens generally have the professional training as an alternative second category, which in no way correspond to the reality of these studies. To achieve this requires the efforts of everyone. Those who already are convinced we will not relent in the effort.
JAUME Gubianas
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